Introduction . Spatial proteomics could elucidate tumor microenvironment1 , 2, organ heterogeneity3, and cellular biochemical changes occurring at different stages of disease4 , 5 , 6. Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) is a targeted spatial proteomic technique that avoids ripping cells out of their native environments by coupling immunocytochemical methods with laser ablation7 , 8. To achieve accurate cell extraction and cell clustering for subsequent statistic...